Hail Query Python API

This is the API documentation for Hail Query, and provides detailed information on the Python programming interface.

Use import hail as hl to access this functionality.

Classes

hail.Table

Hail's distributed implementation of a dataframe or SQL table.

hail.GroupedTable

Table grouped by row that can be aggregated into a new table.

hail.MatrixTable

Hail's distributed implementation of a structured matrix.

hail.GroupedMatrixTable

Matrix table grouped by row or column that can be aggregated into a new matrix table.

Modules

Top-Level Functions

hail.init(sc=None, app_name=None, master=None, local='local[*]', log=None, quiet=False, append=False, min_block_size=0, branching_factor=50, tmp_dir=None, default_reference=None, idempotent=False, global_seed=None, spark_conf=None, skip_logging_configuration=False, local_tmpdir=None, _optimizer_iterations=None, *, backend=None, driver_cores=None, driver_memory=None, worker_cores=None, worker_memory=None, gcs_requester_pays_configuration=None, regions=None, gcs_bucket_allow_list=None)[source]

Initialize and configure Hail.

This function will be called with default arguments if any Hail functionality is used. If you need custom configuration, you must explicitly call this function before using Hail. For example, to set the global random seed to 0, import Hail and immediately call init():

>>> import hail as hl
>>> hl.init(global_seed=0)  

Hail has two backends, spark and batch. Hail selects a backend by consulting, in order, these configuration locations:

  1. The backend parameter of this function.

  2. The HAIL_QUERY_BACKEND environment variable.

  3. The value of hailctl config get query/backend.

If no configuration is found, Hail will select the Spark backend.

Examples

Configure Hail to use the Batch backend:

>>> import hail as hl
>>> hl.init(backend='batch')  

If a pyspark.SparkContext is already running, then Hail must be initialized with it as an argument:

>>> hl.init(sc=sc)  

Configure Hail to bill to my_project when accessing any Google Cloud Storage bucket that has requester pays enabled:

>>> hl.init(gcs_requester_pays_configuration='my-project')  

Configure Hail to bill to my_project when accessing the Google Cloud Storage buckets named bucket_of_fish and bucket_of_eels:

>>> hl.init(
...     gcs_requester_pays_configuration=('my-project', ['bucket_of_fish', 'bucket_of_eels'])
... )  

You may also use hailctl config set gcs_requester_pays/project and hailctl config set gcs_requester_pays/buckets to achieve the same effect.

See also

stop()

Parameters:
  • sc (pyspark.SparkContext, optional) – Spark Backend only. Spark context. If not specified, the Spark backend will create a new Spark context.

  • app_name (str) – A name for this pipeline. In the Spark backend, this becomes the Spark application name. In the Batch backend, this is a prefix for the name of every Batch.

  • master (str, optional) – Spark Backend only. URL identifying the Spark leader (master) node or local[N] for local clusters.

  • local (str) – Spark Backend only. Local-mode core limit indicator. Must either be local[N] where N is a positive integer or local[*]. The latter indicates Spark should use all cores available. local[*] does not respect most containerization CPU limits. This option is only used if master is unset and spark.master is not set in the Spark configuration.

  • log (str) – Local path for Hail log file. Does not currently support distributed file systems like Google Storage, S3, or HDFS.

  • quiet (bool) – Print fewer log messages.

  • append (bool) – Append to the end of the log file.

  • min_block_size (int) – Minimum file block size in MB.

  • branching_factor (int) – Branching factor for tree aggregation.

  • tmp_dir (str, optional) – Networked temporary directory. Must be a network-visible file path. Defaults to /tmp in the default scheme.

  • default_reference (str) – Deprecated. Please use default_reference() to set the default reference genome

    Default reference genome. Either 'GRCh37', 'GRCh38', 'GRCm38', or 'CanFam3'.

  • idempotent (bool) – If True, calling this function is a no-op if Hail has already been initialized.

  • global_seed (int, optional) – Global random seed.

  • spark_conf (dict of str to :class`str`, optional) – Spark backend only. Spark configuration parameters.

  • skip_logging_configuration (bool) – Spark Backend only. Skip logging configuration in java and python.

  • local_tmpdir (str, optional) – Local temporary directory. Used on driver and executor nodes. Must use the file scheme. Defaults to TMPDIR, or /tmp.

  • driver_cores (str or int, optional) – Batch backend only. Number of cores to use for the driver process. May be 1, 2, 4, or 8. Default is 1.

  • driver_memory (str, optional) – Batch backend only. Memory tier to use for the driver process. May be standard or highmem. Default is standard.

  • worker_cores (str or int, optional) – Batch backend only. Number of cores to use for the worker processes. May be 1, 2, 4, or 8. Default is 1.

  • worker_memory (str, optional) – Batch backend only. Memory tier to use for the worker processes. May be standard or highmem. Default is standard.

  • gcs_requester_pays_configuration (either str or tuple of str and list of str, optional) – If a string is provided, configure the Google Cloud Storage file system to bill usage to the project identified by that string. If a tuple is provided, configure the Google Cloud Storage file system to bill usage to the specified project for buckets specified in the list. See examples above.

  • regions (list of str, optional) – List of regions to run jobs in when using the Batch backend. Use ANY_REGION to specify any region is allowed or use None to use the underlying default regions from the hailctl environment configuration. For example, use hailctl config set batch/regions region1,region2 to set the default regions to use.

  • gcs_bucket_allow_list – A list of buckets that Hail should be permitted to read from or write to, even if their default policy is to use “cold” storage. Should look like ["bucket1", "bucket2"].

hail.asc(col)[source]

Sort by col ascending.

hail.desc(col)[source]

Sort by col descending.

hail.stop()[source]

Stop the currently running Hail session.

hail.spark_context()[source]

Returns the active Spark context.

Returns:

pyspark.SparkContext

hail.tmp_dir()[source]

Returns the Hail shared temporary directory.

Returns:

str

hail.default_reference(new_default_reference=None)[source]

With no argument, returns the default reference genome ('GRCh37' by default). With an argument, sets the default reference genome to the argument.

Returns:

ReferenceGenome

hail.get_reference(name)[source]

Returns the reference genome corresponding to name.

Notes

Hail’s built-in references are 'GRCh37', GRCh38', 'GRCm38', and 'CanFam3'. The contig names and lengths come from the GATK resource bundle: human_g1k_v37.dict and Homo_sapiens_assembly38.dict.

If name='default', the value of default_reference() is returned.

Parameters:

name (str) – Name of a previously loaded reference genome or one of Hail’s built-in references: 'GRCh37', 'GRCh38', 'GRCm38', 'CanFam3', and 'default'.

Returns:

ReferenceGenome

hail.set_global_seed(seed)[source]

Deprecated.

Has no effect. To ensure reproducible randomness, use the global_seed argument to init() and reset_global_randomness().

See the random functions reference docs for more.

Parameters:

seed (int) – Integer used to seed Hail’s random number generator

hail.reset_global_randomness()[source]

Restore global randomness to initial state for test reproducibility.

hail.citation(*, bibtex=False)[source]

Generate a Hail citation.

Parameters:

bibtex (bool) – Generate a citation in BibTeX form.

Returns:

str

hail.version()[source]

Get the installed Hail version.

Returns:

str